FROM MEMORY IT GOES TO THE MIND
1.
For many days, M. has been sitting in the courtyard on the ground floor in the Morton School. He walks a little on the footpath. He sees how God manifests himself in the common man in so many forms.
Today it is 23rd September 1924, 7th Ashwin, 1331 (B.Y.), Friday, the 10th day of the dark fortnight. 46 Dandas/55 Palas.
In the square made by benches, M. is seated on a bench facing east. In front of him is Amherst Street. The bhaktas are also seated on benches on all four sides. It is evening.
Swami Dhirananda has arrived. He is an old sadhu of the Belur Math. M. makes him sit beside himself with affection and consideration and offers him sweet snacks. He is to go to Parshi Bagan to see Sharat Chandra Mitra who is lying very ill.
A devotee comes to M. climbing down from the fourth level. M. introduces him to Swami Dhirananda saying, ‘He goes to the Math.’ Swami Dhirananda replies, ‘Yes, I know.’
It is M.’s belief that those who are attached sincerely with affection with sadhus of the Math will alone take to the life of renunciation. That is why he is always asking the young brahmacharis to be intimate with the old sadhus.
Sharat Chandra Mitra, the great devotee of Thakur and the founder of Ramakrishna Samiti is very ill. Many a sadhu comes to enquire after him from the Math. Swami Dhirananda is also going to Parshi Bagan to see him. The Younger Nalini and Vinay accompany him.
The evening of the next day. Today M. is seated again on the ground floor. He is meditating. Before it, he was walking on the footpath.
Antevasi comes from Beliaghata at 8:30 p.m. along with Shuka Lal. They have brought kitchen utensils with them. As desired by M., they will eat self-cooked vegetarian food for some days. Thakur made M. also do the same earlier.
It is 9 o’ clock. M. rises. Nearby, there is the Panchanan Ghosh Lane. There, the play of Krishna-yatra has been going on for some days. M. stands with the devotees and listens to it. The play being enacted is The Lord’s going to Mathura. Sri Krishna is going to Mathura. The Gopis stand on his way to stop him. Some of them hold back the wheel of the rath. So Radha said, "My friend, please don’t hold the wheel of the rath. The wheel, of which Hari is the chakri (bearer of the wheel), moves the world."
The next day, 2 p.m. M. sends Antevasi to Parshi Bagan. The secretary of Sri Ramakrishna Samiti, Sharat Chandra Mitra is very ill. He may die any moment. After having enquired after Sharat Babu, the devotees go to Ram Mohan Roy Library as asked by M. Here, the annual meeting of the Brahmacharya Vidyalaya of Ranchi is going to be held today. Many sadhus will get together here. The students of the Morton School, Hemendra Sanyal and others have also gone there. M. sends Brahmacharis and devotees wherever the sadhus assemble. It is already nine and a half before the devotees return after taking prasad. M. has been waiting for them till so late in the evening. He gets the news of the sadhus from the devotees.
The next day is September 26. After evening prayer, they read from the Devi Bhagavata, first three chapters. M. had sent many bhaktas with Antevasi to have darshan of the sadhus. They return at ten p.m. M. says to the Younger Jiten, "Please again read the Devi Bhagavata to them."
Ram Lal, the old servant of the Morton School has just died in the Cambell Hospital. Today, it is September 27. M. is anxious to have his last rites done. He asks Antevasi and Vinay to arrange it. They go to the Cambell Hospital taking with them Purna, the teacher of the Morton School and Krishna Chakravarti, a student of class two (ninth of today). When they are taking delivery of his dead body from the mortuary, Ram Lal’s relatives reach there. They take the body to the Kalighat. The only close relative of Ram Lal is a twelve year boy. The bhaktas come to M. M. asks them to take bath. Antevasi says, ‘The corpse is undefiled.’ But M. says, ‘Even so, one should take a bath.’
2.
Today it is 28th September, 1924, 12th of Ashwin, 1331 (B.Y.), Sunday, Amavasya, 50 Dandas/17 Palas.
It is five in the evening. M. is seated on the roof of the Morton School facing north. Postmaster Amulya arrives with two companions. M. is talking with them. Close to him are Antevasi, Gadadhar and so on. Amulya has just been transferred from Shillong to Alipur. Polite inquiries over, they talk.
M. (to Gadadhar) Please read out your reading of the Veda to them. (To the devotees) Please listen to the Veda.
Gadadhar na va are patyuh kamaya patih priyo bhavati, atmanastu kamaya patih priyo bhavati, na va are jayayai kamaya jaya priya bhavati, atmanastu kamaya jaya priya bhavati… etc.
M. It is not for the love of the husband that the wife loves him, but because of herself alone. By loving him, she feels a joy. Similarly, wife, son, wealth i.e. whatever worldly things people love, desire and want to possess is all for the love of oneself.
"Yajnavalkya, taught this to Maitreyi. He said, ‘You have to know the Self, the personal Self, the Atman. When you know Atman, you know everything.’ Atman means God, Brahman, Parmatman, Satchidananda. Thakur used to say, ‘I am that Satchidananda. One day, I saw him coming out of my body and saying I come as avatara in every age.’ In other words, He has come this time in the body of Sri Ramakrishna."
Doctor Bakshi and Advocate Lalit Banerjee enter.
M. (to advocate) Please tell them what we have talked about the Veda.
A Devotee Rishi Yajnavalkya, having formally embraced sannyasa will leave home. He asks Katyayani and Maitreyi, his two wives to distribute his wealth between themselves. Maitreyi was a jnani (one who has attained spiritual wisdom). She said, "Why are you living us behind?" Happily he talks about the principle of Atman to them. Says he: Whomsoever we love is for ourselves alone. Only God, the Lord is our own. When one knows the Lord, one knows all. Then one has no desire to know anything else. Reason? He is the first cause of the world. And the real wealth. When one knows it’s cause, one knows the thing. So Thakur said, ‘You people will not have to do very much. You have only to know who I am and who you are.’ Thakur has hinted with this great saying that he himself is Parmatman.
M. Very nice. He has caught the essence very nicely. When one knows that Thakur is God, one knows all, one has achieved all. He said to a particular person, ‘When the whole mind has concentrated itself here (on Thakur), what remains there to be attained?’ That bhakta would always sit staring at Thakur’s face only. Knowing God is what the Upanishad calls Atma-jnana or Brahmajnana. It is all one thing.
M. (to devotees) It is the twilight hour. Let us mediate on Him for a while. Thakur said, ‘At the twilight hour one should leave aside everything and meditate on Him.’
M. meditates with the bhaktas for about an hour.
It is 8 p.m. M. is sitting near the northern door in the Nava Vidhan Brahma Samaj towards the west. With him are devotees Shanti, Bhaumik, Surapati, Dhiren, the Younger Jiten, Vinay, Jagabandhu and so on. A little later arrive Manoranjan, Balai, Gadadhar, Dr. Akshay of Assam and his companion. Acharya Pramatha Sen is delivering a sermon from the pulpit. It is an echo of Thakur’s word: Man loves all in the world but who loves God. One should love Him.
Coming out of the Nava Vidhan Mandir, M. enters Jhamapukur. He is to go to Kali temple of Thanthania. Pointing towards the mansion of Raja Digamber Mitra he says, "This is Digamber Mitra’s house. Initially, Thakur used to perform puja here. And 27, Jhamapukur Lane here too, Vijay Krishna Goswami used to live. One day, Thakur went to see him he had not gone to Dakshineswar for a long time and was not well. This was the reason."
M. comes to the Bechu Chatterji Street. Pointing at the shop of muri (roasted rice) and murki (sweetened parched paddy) to the right of the road he says, "Here, Pundit Ramakumar Shastri, the elder brother of Thakur had his Sanskrit school. It is he who suggested to Rani Rasmani to donate the Dakshineswar Kali Mandir in the name of the guru. Rani Rasmani could not procure a priest for the temple. Not knowing what to do, she earnestly requested Ram Kumar to agree to act as the priest of the newly built temple. Since then, descendants of this family have been performing the duties of the priest. Thakur used to attend this school and he used to live there (behind the houses to the east, on the left footpath of this road). Now the Hare Press is situated there in a brick built house. It was then a thatched house."
M. goes towards Thanthania. He stops at the turning of the Guru Prasad Chaudhry Lane. Showing a two storey building to the left he says, "This is the house of Rajendra Mitra. Thakur used to visit it very often. Once Keshab Sen came to this house for Thakur’s darshan. Aha, what devotion Keshab Babu had! He washed the grapes and wiped each one before giving it to Thakur with his own hand. How much love there has to be for doing so!"
M. proceeds. He says from a distance, "There, you see Mother Kali’s temple. Thakur used to visit it regularly. He would sit there and sing to the Mother for quite long. He was seventeen or eighteen then. Yes, we have left behind a holy place. Opposite to the Thakurbari in Guru Prasad Chaudhry Lane, there was Nakul Boshtam’s grocery. He would come and sit there too and sing songs for him when asked."
M. has now reached Mother Kali’s temple. Sitting before the Mother, he meditates. He is surrounded on three sides with the devotees. They are all in meditation. After half an hour, M. offers pranam to the Mother, takes some charanamrita and leaves. He is going to the Morton School by Bechu Chatterji Street. He stops at the Amherst Street turning near the City College. He is tired, so he is taking rest. He says to the bhaktas, "You may now go home." Many of them offer pranam and depart. It is 9:30 p.m. M. reaches the courtyard of the Morton School. With him are Jagabandhu, Vinay, Shachi, Gadadhar and so on. Standing in front of the gate he says, "All this has been very nice today. We have had the darshan of Kalighat, Navadwip and Kashi together. Mother Kali of Thanthania is like Kalighat and this here (hearing community singing of devotional songs in Doctor Akshay’s house in the south-east corner of Morton School) is like Navadwip. (He thinks for a while) And the Nava Vidhan Brahma Samaj is like Kashi." Jagabandhu says, "The Brahmos practice Bhakti. Kashi is the centre of jnana." M. says, "Why, is there no bhakti in Kashi?"
M. is seated in the eastern section of the second level. Doctor Akshay’s house is about thirty seven yards away. The music of the community singing is resounding. One can hear only ‘Hare Krishna Hare Ram.’ M. listens. Full of emotion, he says a little later, "Please go there, you must go there. Go and join them. Such a day doesn’t come very often. Thakur used to say: Giving up hesitation, dislike and fear you should call on Him. Please go there. (to Shuka Lal affectionately) You need not go. Your age and then your fat body, you have many worldly worries." The devotees dance with ‘Hare Krishna Hare Ram’ in their throats.
3.
Morton School, staircase room. M. is sitting on a bench facing south in front of the western door. It is eight p.m. Antevasi has returned from the Ram Mohan Roy Library. M. had sent him there again today. The annual function of the Brahmo Boys School is being celebrated today. M.’s idea is that may be one can have a grain of Thakur’s Kathamrita. Many old Brahmo bhaktas will visit it. Most of them have had Thakur’s darshan. Many a time, they talk about Thakur among themselves. So M. sends Antevasi there. He has said to him, ‘There is sand mixed with sugar in their talk. Like an ant, you should only pick up sugar. Sugar, that is to say, the words of the avatara, of Thakur.’
Today it is 29th September, 1924, 13th Ashwin 1331 (B.Y.), Monday. M. is listening to the reading of the Devi Bhagavata, 10th skandha, 3rd adhyaya (chapter).
The next day, M. is sitting in the same staircase room. It is the second day of the bright fortnight, 23 Dandas/23 Palas today. A little while ago, he was gazing at the moon of the second day (dvitiya) from the roof . He was saying, "Thakur used to tell us that Sita said to Ravana: Ram is the moon of dvitiya and you are the full moon. Ravana was very happy to hear this. But he could not understand its significance. The full moon means it has waxed to its maximum. Now, it is to go down. The destruction will now come. And this is what happened to Ravana. And the moon of dvitiya means it has to wax. It has only taken birth just recently the splendour of Ram’s sport is about to gain more and more."
As soon as the evening lamp is brought in, M. shuts his eyes and clapping with his hands says, ‘Hari Bol, Hari Bol’ and meditates with the devotees. Durgapada Mitra, Jitendra Nath Sen, Dr. Kartik Chandra Bakshi, Vinay, Balai, Bhaumik, the Stout Sudhir, Gadadhar, Ramesh, Jagabandhu and others sitting in front of M. and to his left also meditate. The meditation goes on for about an hour. Now the reading from the Devi Bhagavata is taken up 3rd skandha, 20 to 24 adhyayas. All listen to the reading without speaking. The reading over, the conversation is resumed.
The Elder Jiten (to M.) The scripture mentions such hard tapasya. Can a man do so much such a great hardship! Is there no other easier way?
M. Meditation on him is tapasya. Whatever (bodily) tapasya one may perform, unless you meditate on Him, it is useless to inflict the body with hardship. One may go on bearing bodily hardships, but the mind remains where it was. Tell me, what use is it then? The test is whether the mind is going to God or not, whether attachment is being reduced or not, whether one keeps the company of sadhus and whether faith is increasing or not.
"Even so, one has to keep an eye on this side also. If there is no control over the body, there too is danger. One cannot be sure where the bodily enjoyments may throw one. One cannot be sure of this. Therefore, a little hardship on the body is necessary.
"When you sit in an armchair and meditate on Him, it is useless. It is necessary that you monitor whether discrimination and dispassion are increasing or not. When this comes about, then a little hardship on the body, a little control over it come automatically. You should subject the body to hardship only as much as it is necessary to keep the mind on God."
The Elder Jiten Well, many people memorise the scriptures. I hear that a person repeats the entire Gita daily sitting in a ferry steamer. Is it needed?
M. While memorising it enters the mind. When you repeat again and again, the words go into the ear and from there into the mind. Repeating an idea daily again and again, it leaves an impression on the mind. This is called sanskara. A struggle ensues without one’s knowing between the old ideas, thinking on sense objects and new ideas, the words of the scriptures and the guru. Gradually, divine feelings come on the top.
"And if you know by heart, you can meditate on God sitting alone in the darkness of night. The speech borne out of repetition first goes to the ear, then, its meaning goes to the mind and results in meditation. Thus, it is said aavrittih sarvashastranam bodhadadapi gariyasi (Repetition is better then even understanding all of the scriptures)."
M. (laughing) But, Thakur never recited a shloka. He knew some by heart, but he would not repeat them, lest the devotees flaunt them in the same way. How many sides he guarded! Such caution is not possible for anybody but the avatara.
"Thakur used to say, ‘The shastra should be heard from the mouth of a sadhu, from those who having renounced all have taken to the path.’ And he warned that by the reading too much the mind gets attached to the reading itself. So, one should compare what one reads with what the guru has said. The aim is not reading, it is meditation on God. One should read only as much as it is necessary for it. He used to say, ‘Sand is mixed with sugar in the shastras. Like an ant take only the sugar.’ "
The roof the Morton School, 3 p.m. M. is seated on a chair facing south. He is talking. In front of him are two teachers on a bench. They have their home is Dhupdheh in Nadia District. They are conversing.
M. (to a teacher) The Paramahansa Deva said, ‘The highest duty of man is to see God. It is for this that one is born as a man.’ He used to say, ‘Money, honours and dignity, wife, son and daughter, all these are not the aim of life. The reason? They don’t last forever. Nothing temporary can give permanent happiness and joy.’ It is only in God that it is possible to gain all this. Knowing this, God is called dharma, true religion. The Veda says: The reality of man is that he is the son of Immortality amritasya putrah.’
A Teacher The world is a very complex place. It is very difficult to live dharma in it.
M. So Thakur said, ‘The way for it is daily company of sadhus, regular and continuous.’ To get rid of a disease, one has to be up and doing on the directions of the physician. This too is the same.
"What is the meaning of the company of sadhus? To keep company of those who have reached the edge of this complexity who while living in the complexity and having given up the complexity have taken up the core that is God. By sitting with them, one comes to know what is real and what is an illusion. Then one has to try to keep one’s hold on reality. Reality is that which takes one to God. Isn’t God known by the name of Existence? The true existence is God. There is never the non-existence of God. So it is called Existence.
"The real nature of man is the same. But falling into Maya, he has forgotten everything, whose child he is, where his abode is, all this that is why there is so much pain. They who always remember this real nature are known as Mahatmas great souls, sadhus. By keeping their company, we always remember that we do not belong here. Our home is in God. Thakur used to say, ‘What is human life like? It is coming from the village to the city. One goes back after working there. As soon as the work is finished, one returns home immediately.’
"It is the same with man. Everybody will have to depart from here. One has to come back again and again to enjoy the fruit of one’s actions. When action is finished, there is no more birth. Then, one goes to God. One becomes free from the cycle of the birth and death. The son of the house comes back to his house. Everybody will have to return home, everybody will attain freedom. His very nature is freedom. Samadhi is his normal state. Having fallen into Maya, he has come to this state.
"Go, they will. All will go back home one day. Even so, that is the path if one wants to go early to keep company of those who have gone to that own house. It becomes easy when you receive their love."
The Teacher What should one do in the initial stage?
M. Thakur said, ‘Sit down twice and repeat His name, meditate on Him and pray to Him. And in between, live alone.’ All these are necessary. Only then, one remains awake. Those who keep the company of sadhus do not forget these things. Reason? The sadhus do all this, isn’t it?
"Prayer is very essential. He said, ‘Weep and say to Him: Don’t enchant me with Your world-bewitching Maya.’ If you say it sincerely, He hears it. Besides, if one goes on saying it, it becomes sincere."
Enters the Younger Ramesh.
The Second Teacher I think, I shall go into the company of the holy but I forget. The mind goes into other things.
M. In the beginning, one should think of it and force oneself to do it. Later, it becomes easy. Do the boys like to go to the school in the beginning? Many persons send them forcibly. Later, it becomes easy.
Both the teachers had arrived at one o’ clock. They were talking with Antevasi too till three o’ clock on all these things One is reborn by keeping company of sadhus. Then, they had talked about who is one’s own, who is not, who is an eternal friend and who for only two days. And, they had also reflected that this body will not last forever. By thinking that the body will not last, one tries to attain that entity which will last. Reason? Man becomes frightened on hearing that he will not last. Is there no way that I can last forever? All these thoughts come to the mind. Then the answer comes. You cannot last in the form of the body, but you can in the form of Atman, as the son of God. Only then begins the development of man’s self. The result? Peace, happiness and joy.
Morton School, Calcutta.
Thursday, 2nd October, 1924.
16th Ashwin, 1331 (B.Y.).
The 4th day of the bright fortnight,
33 Dandas/22 Palas.